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Evaporate: To convert or change into a vapor. Groundwater: Water beneath the earth's surface, often between saturated soil and rock, that supplies wells and springs. Impervious: Incapable of being affected Infiltration: the seepage of water into soil or rock.

Transpiration: The process of giving off vapor containing water and waste products Belt of soil moisture: is the place where water that isn’t soaked in far Zone of saturation: where sediments and rocks are filled with water. Water table: is known as the upper limit of the zone of saturation

Voids: empty

Pore spaces: space hole Vesicles: small cavity formed in volcanic rock by entrapment of a gas bubble during solidification. Porosity: the ratio, of the volume of the pores to the total volume of the mass. Cavities: any hollow place Sorting: sedimentary particles become separated according to some particular characteristic Permeability: ability to transmit fluid Transmit: to pass Specific yield: indicates the amount of water released due to drainage Specific retention: the ratio of the volume of water and rock Aquitard: impermeable bed that parents ground water movement Aguifers: sediment that transmit groundwater freely Springs: develop Annual runoff: liquid that exceeds the limit yearly Discharge: to release Perched water table: elevated place on the water table Hot springs Thermal: rising current of warm air Geysers: A natural hot spring that regularly ejects a spray of steam and boiling water into the air Well: hole bored into zone of saturation Irrigation: to make something fresh by watering Fluctuate: to change constantly Drawdown: water decreases with increasing distances from well Depression: sunken place Cone of depression: cone shaped depression in the water table immediately surrounding a well Hydraulic gradient: water table slope Heterogeneous: composed of parts of different kinds Artesian: the water rising to the surface under internal hydrostatic pressure Friction: surface resistance to relative motion Non flowing artesian well: when water doesn’t rise up Flowing artesian well: when water rises up Conduits: pip like opening through which magma moves toward earth’s surface Recharge: the processes by which ground water is absorbed into the zone of saturation Equilibrium: no resultant force Non renewable: a resource that forms over a long time Subsidence: to sink to the bottom, as sediment Unconsolidated sediments: loose solid fragments Homogenous: composed of the same parts Sewage- the waste matter that passes through sewers Percolates- To pass through Assimilate- to take in Purification- to make pure Contamination- the act of polluting

Hazardous- full of risk Excavations- A hole formed by excavating Calcium carbonate- crystalline compound Caverns- A large cave Subterranean- operating below the surface of the earth Dripstone- a protective drip that is made of stone Stalactites- mineral deposit hanging from the roof of a cavern Conical- having the form of a cone Stalagmites- mineral deposit built up on the floor of a cavern Column- upright support Karst topography- A landscape that is characterized by numerous caves, sinkholes, fissures, and underground streams